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A. ICT Basics & Digital Initiatives
1. ICT stands for:
(a) Information and Communication Technology
(b) Information-Controlled Technology
(c) Information-Capable Technology
(d) None of the above
ICT = Information and Communication Technology (UNESCO: technologies to handle and process information).
2. NPTEL stands for:
(a) National Programme on Technology Enhanced Learning
(b) National Programme on Technology Enabled Learning
(c) National Programme on Technology Enhanced Lessons
(d) National Programme on Technology Embedded Learning
NPTEL: initiative of the IITs and IISc for web and video courses.
3. ERNET stands for:
(a) Engineering and Research Network
(b) External and Regulated Network
(c) Education and Research Network
(d) None of the above
ERNET = Education and Research Network, India's internet backbone for education and research institutions.
4. Which institution launched e-Gyankosh (2005), a repository for digital learning resources?
(a) IIT Kanpur
(b) IGNOU
(c) Allahabad University
(d) Delhi University
e-Gyankosh is IGNOU's national digital repository of learning resources.
5. The educational FM radio network contributed to by IGNOU and IITs is:
(a) Gyan Vani
(b) Gyan Darshan
(c) EDUSAT
(d) SWAYAM Prabha
Gyan Vani = FM radio. Gyan Darshan = educational TV channel.
6. SWAYAM PRABHA is a group of 34:
(a) DTH educational channels
(b) FM radio stations
(c) Online newspapers
(d) Podcast series
SWAYAM PRABHA: DTH channels broadcasting 24×7 educational content.
B. Number Systems & Codes
7. Symbols A–F are used in which number system? Dec 2014
(a) Binary
(b) Decimal
(c) Hexadecimal
(d) Octal
Hexadecimal (base 16) uses 0–9 and A–F, where A = 10 and F = 15.
8. The hexadecimal number system consists of the symbols:
(a) 0–7
(b) 0–9, A–F
(c) 0–7, A–F
(d) None of the above
16 symbols in total: 0–9 plus A–F.
9. If binary of decimal 48 is 110000, the binary of decimal 51 is:
(a) 110011
(b) 110010
(c) 110001
(d) 110100
51 = 48 + 3, and 3 = 11 in binary, so 110000 + 11 = 110011.
10. A collection of 8 bits is called a:
(a) Byte
(b) Word
(c) File
(d) Folder
1 Byte = 8 bits = one character.
11. EBCDIC code can represent up to how many different characters?
(a) 256
(b) 32
(c) 64
(d) 16
EBCDIC is an 8-bit code, so 28 = 256 characters.
12. ASCII stands for:
(a) American Stable Code for International Interchange
(b) American Standard Case for Institutional Interchange
(c) American Standard Code for Information Interchange
(d) American Standard Information for Interchange
ASCII is the widely used character code (7-bit; extended 8-bit).
13. Which pair is least matched in respect of computer? Jun 2019
(a) 1 Giga Byte : (1024)3 bytes
(b) CRT : Cathode Ray Tube
(c) ROM : Rapid Online Memory
(d) CPU : Central Processing Unit
ROM = Read Only Memory, not "Rapid Online Memory".
14. Which option lists file formats suitable for distributing sound files across the internet? Dec 2019
(a) wmv, mp4, wma, mp3
(b) avi, midi, wav, mp3
(c) avi, mov, wmv, mp3
(d) midi, wav, wma, mp3
wmv, avi, mov and mp4 are video formats. Only option (d) is all audio.
C. Computer Terms & Hardware
15. ALU stands for:
(a) Arithmetic Logic Unit
(b) Array Logic Unit
(c) Application Logic Unit
(d) None of the above
ALU performs arithmetic and logical operations inside the CPU.
16. The ALU normally contains a number of high-speed storage elements called:
(a) Semiconductor memory
(b) Registers
(c) Hard disks
(d) Magnetic disks
Registers are small, very fast storage locations inside the CPU.
17. Which part of the CPU performs calculations and makes decisions?
(a) Arithmetic logic unit
(b) Alternating logic unit
(c) Alternate local unit
(d) American logic unit
The ALU does calculations and logical comparisons; the control unit directs operations.
18. The term "gigabyte" refers to:
(a) 1024 megabytes
(b) 1024 kilobytes
(c) 1024 bytes
(d) 1024 gigabits
Order: KB → MB → GB → TB, each step ×1024.
19. Which is the largest unit of storage?
(a) Terabyte
(b) Megabyte
(c) Gigabyte
(d) Kilobyte
TB > GB > MB > KB.
20. CAD stands for:
(a) Computer Aided Design
(b) Computer Algorithm for Design
(c) Computer Application in Design
(d) All of the above
CAD is used for engineering and architectural drawings.
21. If a computer uses 16 bits to specify an address in RAM, the number of addresses will be:
(a) 216
(b) 65,536
(c) 256
(d) 64k bytes only
216 = 65,536 addresses.
22. A 32-bit microprocessor has a word length equal to:
(a) 2 bytes
(b) 32 bytes
(c) 4 bytes
(d) 8 bytes
32 bits ÷ 8 = 4 bytes.
23. MICR stands for:
(a) Magnetic Ink Character Reader
(b) Magnetic Ink Code Reader
(c) Magnetic Image Character Reader
(d) Mechanical Ink Character Reader
MICR is used in banks to read cheque numbers.
24. dpi stands for:
(a) Dots per unit
(b) Diagrams per inch
(c) Dots per inch
(d) Digits per inch
dpi measures print resolution (dots per inch).
25. VGA stands for:
(a) Video Graphics Array
(b) Visual Graphics Array
(c) Volatile Graphics Array
(d) Video Graphics Adapter
VGA = Video Graphics Array, a display standard.
26. MSI stands for:
(a) Medium-Scale Integrated Circuits
(b) Medium-Scale Intelligent Circuit
(c) Medium-System Integrated Circuits
(d) Medium-System Intelligent Circuit
MSI = Medium-Scale Integrated circuits (roughly 100 to 3,000 components on a chip).
27. WAN stands for:
(a) WAP Area Network
(b) Wide Area Network
(c) Wide Array Net
(d) Wireless Area Network
WAN connects computers across cities, countries or continents.
D. Memory & Storage
28. The memory that is programmed at the time of its manufacturing is:
(a) ROM
(b) RAM
(c) PROM
(d) EPROM
ROM is factory-programmed; PROM is programmable once by the user.
29. The computer memory used for temporary storage of data and programs in use is:
(a) ROM
(b) RAM
(c) EEPROM
(d) EPROM
RAM is volatile: data is lost when power is switched off.
30. Which of the following is flash memory?
(a) PROM
(b) RAM
(c) EEPROM
(d) EPROM
EEPROM (electrically erasable) is also called flash memory. EPROM needs UV light to erase.
31. EEPROM stands for:
(a) Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory
(b) Easily Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory
(c) Electronic Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory
(d) Embedded Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory
EEPROM = Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (erased with electric charge, also called flash memory).
32. Which memory has the shortest access time?
(a) Cache memory
(b) Magnetic bubble memory
(c) Magnetic core memory
(d) RAM
Order of speed: Registers > Cache > RAM > Disk > Tape.
33. Which of the following is a secondary memory device?
(a) CPU
(b) ALU
(c) Floppy diskette
(d) None of the above
Secondary (auxiliary) storage: floppy, hard disk, CD/DVD, pen drive.
E. Internet, Email & Networks
34. The standard size of an (IPv4) IP address is:
(a) 16 bits
(b) 32 bits
(c) 64 bits
(d) 128 bits
IPv4 = 32 bits; IPv6 = 128 bits.
35. The domain originally meant for non-profit organisations is:
(a) .gov
(b) .net
(c) .org
(d) .in
.org = organisations (non-profit). .net = network and administrative hosts.
36. The ".edu" domain is used for:
(a) Educational institutions
(b) Internet infrastructure and service providers
(c) International organisations
(d) None of the above
.edu = educational institutions, .com = commercial, .gov = government.
37. HTTP stands for:
(a) Hypertext Transmission Protocol
(b) Hypertext Transfer Process
(c) Hypertext Transfer Protocol
(d) Hypertext Transport Protocol
HTTP transfers hypertext (web pages) between browser and server.
38. URL stands for:
(a) Uniform Resource Library
(b) Uniform Resource Locator
(c) United Resource Locator
(d) Unified Resource Locators
A URL is the web address of a resource.
39. FTP stands for:
(a) Fast Text Processing
(b) File Transfer Program
(c) File Transfer Process
(d) File Transfer Protocol
FTP is the protocol for uploading and downloading files.
40. SMTP stands for:
(a) Simplest Mail Transfer Protocol
(b) Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
(c) Simple Mail Transport Protocol
(d) Separate Mail Transfer Protocol
SMTP is used to send email. Receiving uses POP3/IMAP.
41. A machine that links two networks using different protocols is called a:
(a) E-way
(b) Protocol way
(c) Router only
(d) Gateway
A gateway converts between different protocols; a router just chooses paths between networks.
42. The World Wide Web was proposed by:
(a) Bill Gates
(b) Tim Berners-Lee
(c) ARPANET
(d) Bill Rogers
Tim Berners-Lee invented the WWW at CERN (1989–91).
43. Which symbol separates the username from the domain in an email address?
(a) $
(b) @
(c) %
(d) *
Format: username@domain.
44. A small text file that a web server stores on your hard drive when you visit certain websites is called a:
(a) Cookie
(b) History
(c) Loginum
(d) None of the above
Cookies remember user preferences and sessions.
45. A message with replies in a newsgroup is often called a:
(a) List
(b) Thread
(c) Comment
(d) Post
A thread is a chain of a message and its replies.
46. Which is NOT related to information security on the internet?
(a) Data encryption
(b) Water marking
(c) Data hiding
(d) Information retrieval
Information retrieval means searching for data; the others protect data.
47. Email: To: ram@test.com • Cc: raj@test.com; ravi@test.com • Bcc: swami@test.com; rama@test.com. Which addresses can 'swami' see? Jul 2018
(a) ram@test.com
(b) ram@test.com; ravi@test.com
(c) ram@test.com; raj@test.com
(d) ram@test.com; raj@test.com; ravi@test.com
A Bcc recipient sees To and Cc addresses but not the other Bcc recipients.
48. RFID is an acronym for: Dec 2018
(a) Roaming Frequency Identification
(b) Radio Frequency Identification
(c) Runtime Frequency Identification
(d) Remote Frequency Identification
RFID uses radio waves to identify tags (e.g. tolls, library books).
49. Which domain extension is used for network gateways and administrative hosts?
(a) .gov
(b) .net
(c) .mil
(d) .org
.net was meant for networking infrastructure and administrative hosts.
50. Ethernet is a family of protocols used in:
(a) WAN only
(b) Internet only
(c) LAN
(d) Extranet only
Ethernet is the dominant wired LAN technology.
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